Staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome (4S), a blistering dermatosis caused by exfoliative toxins from Staphylococcus aureus, occurs frequently in patients with atopic dermatitis (AD). However, association between 4S and AD has not rarely been reported. We investigated the characteristics of 4S according to AD status.
The study included 146 children with 4S who visited Busan St. Mary's Hospital from 2007–2018. Clinical features were analyzed from medical records and pictures, and 4S was classified as localized or generalized. We also retrospectively investigated the preceding conditions and test results related to AD.
Among 146 patients with 4S, median age was 2.0 years, and 35 (24.0%) had AD. Since 2007, the incidence of both 4S and AD have increased, without obvious seasonal patterns. Generalized and localized disease occurred in 90 and 56 patients, respectively. Twenty-four of 35 patients with AD (68.6%) and 32 of 111 (28.8%) without AD had localized disease. Significant differences were observed between the groups (
Localized 4S frequently occurred without preceding conditions in children with AD and usually arose from skin infection compared to generalized 4S.
Tree pollen causes allergic rhinitis and asthma. We investigated children who diagnosed as rhinitis or asthma, living in Busan, for tree allergen sensitization, component allergen, oral allergy syndrome, and the relationship between pollen counts and allergen sensitization.
Pollen were collected in Busan, from January 1 to December 31, 2017, using a Rotorod sampler and enumerated using a microscope. We conducted a study of children with rhinitis or asthma at Busan St. Mary's Hospital in 2017, administered an ISAAC questionnaire, and an oral allergy syndrome survey. Serum specific Ig E tests were performed.
Among the 57 patients, the mean age was 9.3 years. The pollen counts in decreasing order were as follows: pine, alder, oak, juniper, beech, ginkgo, and birch. For sensitization, birch and alder 35.1%, Japanese cedar 19.3%, juniper 17.5%, pine 10.5%, and Japanese cypress 8.2%. The component Ig E was tested in 27 patients. Bet v 1 had a high correlation with birch, alder, and peach. Bet v 2 showed a statistically significant correlation with all tree pollen except cypress. Bet v 4 did not have any apparent correlation. Bet v 6 had the same pattern as Bet v 2, but correlation coefficient was higher than that of Bet v 2. Oral allergy syndrome was noted in 7 patients, including peach, peanut, apple, tomato, kiwi, and sesame.
Alder and juniper are clinically important tree pollens in Busan. These pollens cause sensitization to birch and Japanese cedar by cross-reaction.
Approximately 13–20% of infants with milk allergies concurrently exhibit beef allergies. Here, we report a 24-month-old infant who exhibited both pork and beef allergies, concurrently with a milk allergy. The infant's laboratory test results were: 3.73 ISU-E (ISAC standardized unit for IgE) for cow milk β-lactoglobulin, 23.8 ISU-E for casein, 12.8 ISU-E for cow milk Bos d 6 of serum albumin, and 4.85 ISU-E for cat Fel d 2. This case report summarizes an infant patient diagnosed with a meat allergy that was associated with cow's milk allergy, using ImmunoCAP ISAC®. Not only ImmunoCAP ISAC® but also immunocap can be used to diagnose milk allergy and meat allergy at the same time, immunocap testing for component antigen is rare. ImmunoCAP ISAC® is used to diagnose these allergies in our case study, as it has advantage that only 1ml of blood is needed to run various component antigen tests.
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We investigated whether asthma attacks in asthmatic children were caused by short-term exposure to particulate matter(PM)2.5.
Subjects were 411 patients who received inhalation therapy in National Fukuoka Hospital, from March to May 2013. All subjects were outpatients. We surveyed the air quality measurement results in the stations closest to the address of the patients. Data were used from the City of Fukuoka website data on air pollution. We carried out a case-crossover study and compared PM2.5 concentration between 7 days after asthma attack occurred and the day asthma attack occurred and 1, 2 and 3 days before asthma attack occurred.
Highest hourly concentration of the day (OR 1.013, 95%CI 1.000-1.025) showed a significant association with 1 day before PM2.5 concentration statistically. And 0-1 year-old infants were more vulnerable to the highest concentration of 1 day before PM2.5 concentration(
Maximal daily PM2.5 concentrations within 24 hours prior to the attack affect asthma exacerbation. 0-1 year-old infants are particularly vulnerable to PM2.5 concentration. Asthma exacerbation is aggravated by NO2 and O3 concentration on the day of the asthma attack.
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